Статьи

INTERPOPULATION VARIABILITY OF SIGNS OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS OF JUNIPERUS POLYCARPOS C. KOCH (CUPRESSÁCEAE, PINOPSIDA) IN DAGESTAN

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the variability of the weight and morphometric characters of the generative organs of five geographically isolated populations of Juniperus polycarpos C. Koch (1849) in Dagestan. The stronger dependence of the signs of gallberries than those of seeds on specific territorial conditions is shown. The genetic nature of the differences between the 1,140 m height populations of J.

SOME FEATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY OF TULIPA GESNERIANA L. (LILIACEAE, LILIOPSIDA)

The vitality of 31 natural populations of Tulipa gesneriana is based on our field surveys conducted in several parts of European Russia in 2013 - 2015. Basic factors affecting the population vitality were revealed by analysis of 14 morphological parameters of T. gesneriana. Cattle grazing have turned out to be the most essential factor. The effect of other negative factors is much lower. Overall, the mixed stress-tolerant and ruderal ecologically-cenotic strategy is characteristic of the species studied.

CRITICALLY IMPORTANT AREAS FOR THE COMMON CRANE (GRUS GRUS LINNAEUS, 1758) (GRUIDAE, AVES)

The possibility of using a wider scale approach of the territorial conservation of rare objects of the wild nature is considered for the western subspecies of the Common Crane (Grus grus Linnaeus, 1758). This approach is in identification of critically important areas (CIA) at different (from global to local) levels not only for rare species but also for breeding groups, sub-populations, populations, subspecies, and communities of widespread and numerous species.

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SOIL MICROBIOTA IN CHEMICALLY POLLUTED ENVIRONMENT

The structural-functional diversity of main ecological trophic groups of soil microorganisms in the meadow soils of the Central Urals, anthropogenically contaminated with heavy metals, was studied. The growth of the total numbers of these microorganisms in technozems, in comparison with those in agrozems, is due to the higher abundance of ferric-reducing, denitrifying, nitrogen-fixing and sulphate-reducing bacteria; the increased cellulolytic activity, and the dependence of these characteristics on the soil toxic load.

PHENOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE WINTERING OF PELOBATES FUSCUS (PELOBATIDAE, AMPHIBIA) IN THE CLIMATE TRANSFORMATION CONDITIONS OF THE NORTHERN LOWER-VOLGA REGION

Regularities of the changes of calendar dates of the start, end and duration of Pelobates fuscus wintering in the Medveditsa river valley (Lysogorsky district, Saratov region) within the period from 1892 until 2014 are considered. A reduction of the wintering duration by 7 days (on the average) over the last 120 years is shown, due to a shift of the start wintering date to a later date and that of the end wintering date to an earlier date.

DAILY DYNAMICS OF HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ZOOPLANKTON IN THE LITTORAL OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK RESERVOIR

Our results of daily monitoring of the water temperature, hydrochemical parameters, as well as the zooplankton composition and structure in the protected overgrown and non-overgrown littoral of Berd’s Bay of the Novosibirsk reservoir are presented. The data obtained allow us to reveal differences in the daily dynamics of the water temperature, hydrochemical and hydrobiological characteristics of littoral areas of different types. Features of the horizontal migrations of zooplankton are determined by the water overgrowing degree.

RECREATION IMPACT ON SOIL MACROFAUNA COMMUNITIES IN THE FOREST-PARK ZONE OF KAZAN CITY

To evaluate the status of the forest-park zone of Kazan City, the soil invertebrate populations in three deciduous forest plots with various recreational degrees were studied. The macrofauna abundance in forest-parks was significantly higher in comparison with suburb forests. The taxonomic composition of the pedobiont communities did not change significantly within the period studied, with earthworms predominated. However, their abundance varied strongly from year to year.

BREEDING BIOLOGY AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF EASTERN SIBERIAN STONECHAT - SAXICOLA (TORQUATUS) STEJNEGERI (PARROT, 1908) (MUSCICAPIDAE, AVES)

The breeding biology and social organization of a population of the Eastern Siberian stonechat were studied in the Khingan State Nature Reserve (Amur region, Russia) in 2013. This is a territorial monogamy species, inhabiting various types of open areas and nesting on the ground. The Eastern Siberian stonechat belongs to the Common stonechat complex comprising 3 or 4 sibling species.

COPPER ION BIOAVAILABILITY IN WATERS OF VARIOUS ORIGIN

The toxic effect of copper ions upon a test culture of alga chlorella in natural (the Yenisei and Kacha rivers), waste and tap water (the Krasnoyarsk city) was estimated. It has been found that the copper toxicity in samples of these waters can greatly reduce. This toxicity reduction, which differed highly in the samples examined, could be caused by binding of potential toxic substances by some compounds in the waters. In natural water, the binding capacity and bioavailability of toxicants vary through seasons.

Assessment of indices of tundra phytocoenosis pollution with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

14 structures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified in the organogenic soil horizon and plants of the south shrub tundra belt, at a background plot and at a coal mine. The polyarenes in soils and plants were mainly represented by light structures. On the background and polluted areas, mosses of Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum commune and grasses of Deschampsia caespitosa, Festuca ovina contained the highest PAH amounts. PAH bioaccumulation in plants is mainly dependent on their physiological features.

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